ETHNOGRAPHY FOR THE NOVICE RESEARCHER AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE HEALTH CARE SECTOR

Antigoni Fountouki, Theodosios Paralikas, Dimitrios Theofanidis

Thursday, October 1, 2020

Publication year:

2020

Authors:

• Fountouki Antigoni, PhD(c), MSc, Clinical Lecturer, Nursing department, Clinical Professor, Alexandreio Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Greece
• Paralikas Theodosios, MSc, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Thessaly, Greece
• Theofanidis Dimitrios, PhD, MSc, Assistant Professor, Nursing department, Clinical Professor, Alexandreio Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Greece

Keywords index:

• Ethnography
• Qualitative methodology

Pages: 308-318

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4587701

Abstract:

The main objective of qualitative research is to improve the depth of understanding about issues of concern which are of particular value when conducting studies on health care issues. The qualitative methodology of ethnography is the study of a specific group or culture being explored in-depth. Its validity refers to whether the ethnographer’s interpretation of the data is what it means to those providing it and to the degree by which results may be representative or generalized. However, the limitations of using this technique include the risk of misinterpretations if and when the health care researcher has not fully understood or remains unfamiliar with the social norms of those being studied. Of the various qualitative methods available for health care research, this paper provides essential information and insights into the ethnographic methodology with specific relevance to health related research and nursing in particular. Data collection in ethnography can be achieved via one or a combination of interviews, observations, document/media reviews or questionnaires. Subsequent data analysis is performed via specific, rigorous standardized techniques as described in this chapter. It is important in ethnography to use a rigorous and solid reporting process as opposed to simply compiling anecdotal information. Ethnographic research in health care entails extensive fieldwork, availability of time, resources and interviewing skills. Yet, this method of enquiry can be a key contributor in expanding the knowledge base of contemporary health care by providing constructive insights into the world of patients and staff alike.