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FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK POSTOPERATIVE BLEEDING (PB) IN PATIENTS AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY

Maria Bonikou, Anastasia Kotanidou, Georgios Vasilopoulos, Georgia Toulia, Nektaria Michopanou, Antonia Kalogianni


Wednesday, April 1, 2020

Publication year:

2020

Authors:

Keywords index:

Pages: 84-101

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4011225

Abstract:

Introduction: Postoperative Bleeding (PB) is the most common complication after cardiac surgery but is accompanied by negative outcomes. Aim: was to investigate the factors associated with an increased risk of PB in patients after cardiac surgery. Material and Methods: The sample of the study was patients who were admitted to the Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit of a general hospital after cardiac surgery. Data collection was carried out by a form that included a) Social-demographic, b) Preoperative c) Postoperative and d) Postoperative characteristics. PB was defined as 100 ml of blood loss per hour from the chest drainage tube.Results : The sample consisted of 106 patients. The mean age of participants was 66.8 years (SD = 10 years) and 73% were male. 15.1% presented PB within the first 24 hours after surgery. Intraoperatively, the mean duration of ischemia (p = 0.042) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (p = 0.031) was significantly higher in those who presented with PB. Multivariate logistic regression showed that PT [(OR 95% 0.41 (0.22-0.76)] and INR [(OR 95% 0.10 (0.03-0.97)] in the first 24 hours after surgery and duration of CPB [(OR 95% 1.02 (1.00-1.03)] were independently associated with the appearance of PB. Additionally sex (p = 0.021), intraoperative hypothermia ( p = 0.004) and CABG (p = 0.018) were found to be independent of the amount of thoracic drainage.

Conclusions:  Prothrombin time, INR in the first 24 hours postoperatively, and duration of CPB were found to be independently associated with PB. Additional gender, intraoperative hypothermia, and CABG were found to be independently related with increased blood loss from chest drainage. Knowledge of the factors associated with the increased bleeding is critical for nurses so they can provide prophylactic interventions and early postoperative treatment.

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